/**
 * Orthanc - A Lightweight, RESTful DICOM Store
 * Copyright (C) 2012-2016 Sebastien Jodogne, Medical Physics
 * Department, University Hospital of Liege, Belgium
 * Copyright (C) 2017-2021 Osimis S.A., Belgium
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
 * License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * In addition, as a special exception, the copyright holders of this
 * program give permission to link the code of its release with the
 * OpenSSL project's "OpenSSL" library (or with modified versions of it
 * that use the same license as the "OpenSSL" library), and distribute
 * the linked executables. You must obey the GNU General Public License
 * in all respects for all of the code used other than "OpenSSL". If you
 * modify file(s) with this exception, you may extend this exception to
 * your version of the file(s), but you are not obligated to do so. If
 * you do not wish to do so, delete this exception statement from your
 * version. If you delete this exception statement from all source files
 * in the program, then also delete it here.
 * 
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
 * General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 **/


#include "PrecompiledHeadersServer.h"
#include "OrthancRestApi/OrthancRestApi.h"

#include "../../OrthancFramework/Sources/Compatibility.h"
#include "../../OrthancFramework/Sources/DicomFormat/DicomArray.h"
#include "../../OrthancFramework/Sources/DicomNetworking/DicomAssociationParameters.h"
#include "../../OrthancFramework/Sources/DicomNetworking/DicomServer.h"
#include "../../OrthancFramework/Sources/DicomParsing/FromDcmtkBridge.h"
#include "../../OrthancFramework/Sources/FileStorage/MemoryStorageArea.h"
#include "../../OrthancFramework/Sources/HttpServer/FilesystemHttpHandler.h"
#include "../../OrthancFramework/Sources/HttpServer/HttpServer.h"
#include "../../OrthancFramework/Sources/Logging.h"
#include "../../OrthancFramework/Sources/Lua/LuaFunctionCall.h"
#include "../Plugins/Engine/OrthancPlugins.h"
#include "Database/SQLiteDatabaseWrapper.h"
#include "EmbeddedResourceHttpHandler.h"
#include "OrthancConfiguration.h"
#include "OrthancFindRequestHandler.h"
#include "OrthancGetRequestHandler.h"
#include "OrthancInitialization.h"
#include "OrthancMoveRequestHandler.h"
#include "OrthancWebDav.h"
#include "ServerContext.h"
#include "ServerJobs/StorageCommitmentScpJob.h"
#include "ServerToolbox.h"
#include "StorageCommitmentReports.h"

#include <boost/algorithm/string/predicate.hpp>


using namespace Orthanc;


static const char* const KEY_DICOM_TLS_PRIVATE_KEY = "DicomTlsPrivateKey";
static const char* const KEY_DICOM_TLS_ENABLED = "DicomTlsEnabled";
static const char* const KEY_DICOM_TLS_CERTIFICATE = "DicomTlsCertificate";
static const char* const KEY_DICOM_TLS_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATES = "DicomTlsTrustedCertificates";
static const char* const KEY_MAXIMUM_PDU_LENGTH = "MaximumPduLength";


class OrthancStoreRequestHandler : public IStoreRequestHandler
{
private:
  ServerContext& context_;

public:
  explicit OrthancStoreRequestHandler(ServerContext& context) :
    context_(context)
  {
  }


  virtual void Handle(DcmDataset& dicom,
                      const std::string& remoteIp,
                      const std::string& remoteAet,
                      const std::string& calledAet) ORTHANC_OVERRIDE 
  {
    std::unique_ptr<DicomInstanceToStore> toStore(DicomInstanceToStore::CreateFromDcmDataset(dicom));
    
    if (toStore->GetBufferSize() > 0)
    {
      toStore->SetOrigin(DicomInstanceOrigin::FromDicomProtocol
                         (remoteIp.c_str(), remoteAet.c_str(), calledAet.c_str()));

      std::string id;
      context_.Store(id, *toStore, StoreInstanceMode_Default);
    }
  }
};



class OrthancStorageCommitmentRequestHandler : public IStorageCommitmentRequestHandler
{
private:
  ServerContext& context_;
  
public:
  explicit OrthancStorageCommitmentRequestHandler(ServerContext& context) :
    context_(context)
  {
  }

  virtual void HandleRequest(const std::string& transactionUid,
                             const std::vector<std::string>& referencedSopClassUids,
                             const std::vector<std::string>& referencedSopInstanceUids,
                             const std::string& remoteIp,
                             const std::string& remoteAet,
                             const std::string& calledAet) ORTHANC_OVERRIDE
  {
    if (referencedSopClassUids.size() != referencedSopInstanceUids.size())
    {
      throw OrthancException(ErrorCode_InternalError);
    }
    
    std::unique_ptr<StorageCommitmentScpJob> job(
      new StorageCommitmentScpJob(context_, transactionUid, remoteAet, calledAet));

    for (size_t i = 0; i < referencedSopClassUids.size(); i++)
    {
      job->AddInstance(referencedSopClassUids[i], referencedSopInstanceUids[i]);
    }

    job->MarkAsReady();

    context_.GetJobsEngine().GetRegistry().Submit(job.release(), 0 /* default priority */);
  }

  virtual void HandleReport(const std::string& transactionUid,
                            const std::vector<std::string>& successSopClassUids,
                            const std::vector<std::string>& successSopInstanceUids,
                            const std::vector<std::string>& failedSopClassUids,
                            const std::vector<std::string>& failedSopInstanceUids,
                            const std::vector<StorageCommitmentFailureReason>& failureReasons,
                            const std::string& remoteIp,
                            const std::string& remoteAet,
                            const std::string& calledAet) ORTHANC_OVERRIDE
  {
    if (successSopClassUids.size() != successSopInstanceUids.size() ||
        failedSopClassUids.size() != failedSopInstanceUids.size() ||
        failedSopClassUids.size() != failureReasons.size())
    {
      throw OrthancException(ErrorCode_InternalError);
    }
    
    std::unique_ptr<StorageCommitmentReports::Report> report(
      new StorageCommitmentReports::Report(remoteAet));

    for (size_t i = 0; i < successSopClassUids.size(); i++)
    {
      report->AddSuccess(successSopClassUids[i], successSopInstanceUids[i]);
    }

    for (size_t i = 0; i < failedSopClassUids.size(); i++)
    {
      report->AddFailure(failedSopClassUids[i], failedSopInstanceUids[i], failureReasons[i]);
    }

    report->MarkAsComplete();

    context_.GetStorageCommitmentReports().Store(transactionUid, report.release());
  }
};



class ModalitiesFromConfiguration : public DicomServer::IRemoteModalities
{
public:
  virtual bool IsSameAETitle(const std::string& aet1,
                             const std::string& aet2) ORTHANC_OVERRIDE
  {
    OrthancConfiguration::ReaderLock lock;
    return lock.GetConfiguration().IsSameAETitle(aet1, aet2);
  }

  virtual bool LookupAETitle(RemoteModalityParameters& modality,
                             const std::string& aet) ORTHANC_OVERRIDE
  {
    OrthancConfiguration::ReaderLock lock;
    return lock.GetConfiguration().LookupDicomModalityUsingAETitle(modality, aet);
  }
};


class MyDicomServerFactory : 
  public IStoreRequestHandlerFactory,
  public IFindRequestHandlerFactory, 
  public IMoveRequestHandlerFactory,
  public IGetRequestHandlerFactory,
  public IStorageCommitmentRequestHandlerFactory
{
private:
  ServerContext& context_;

public:
  explicit MyDicomServerFactory(ServerContext& context) : context_(context)
  {
  }

  virtual IStoreRequestHandler* ConstructStoreRequestHandler() ORTHANC_OVERRIDE
  {
    return new OrthancStoreRequestHandler(context_);
  }

  virtual IFindRequestHandler* ConstructFindRequestHandler() ORTHANC_OVERRIDE
  {
    std::unique_ptr<OrthancFindRequestHandler> result(new OrthancFindRequestHandler(context_));

    {
      OrthancConfiguration::ReaderLock lock;
      result->SetMaxResults(lock.GetConfiguration().GetUnsignedIntegerParameter("LimitFindResults", 0));
      result->SetMaxInstances(lock.GetConfiguration().GetUnsignedIntegerParameter("LimitFindInstances", 0));
    }

    if (result->GetMaxResults() == 0)
    {
      LOG(INFO) << "No limit on the number of C-FIND results at the Patient, Study and Series levels";
    }
    else
    {
      LOG(INFO) << "Maximum " << result->GetMaxResults() 
                << " results for C-FIND queries at the Patient, Study and Series levels";
    }

    if (result->GetMaxInstances() == 0)
    {
      LOG(INFO) << "No limit on the number of C-FIND results at the Instance level";
    }
    else
    {
      LOG(INFO) << "Maximum " << result->GetMaxInstances() 
                << " instances will be returned for C-FIND queries at the Instance level";
    }

    return result.release();
  }

  virtual IMoveRequestHandler* ConstructMoveRequestHandler() ORTHANC_OVERRIDE
  {
    return new OrthancMoveRequestHandler(context_);
  }
  
  virtual IGetRequestHandler* ConstructGetRequestHandler() ORTHANC_OVERRIDE
  {
    return new OrthancGetRequestHandler(context_);
  }
  
  virtual IStorageCommitmentRequestHandler* ConstructStorageCommitmentRequestHandler() ORTHANC_OVERRIDE
  {
    return new OrthancStorageCommitmentRequestHandler(context_);
  }
  

  void Done()
  {
  }
};


class OrthancApplicationEntityFilter : public IApplicationEntityFilter
{
private:
  ServerContext&  context_;
  bool            alwaysAllowEcho_;
  bool            alwaysAllowFind_;  // New in Orthanc 1.9.0
  bool            alwaysAllowGet_;   // New in Orthanc 1.9.0
  bool            alwaysAllowStore_;

public:
  explicit OrthancApplicationEntityFilter(ServerContext& context) :
    context_(context)
  {
    {
      OrthancConfiguration::ReaderLock lock;
      alwaysAllowEcho_ = lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter("DicomAlwaysAllowEcho", true);
      alwaysAllowFind_ = lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter("DicomAlwaysAllowFind", false);
      alwaysAllowGet_ = lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter("DicomAlwaysAllowGet", false);
      alwaysAllowStore_ = lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter("DicomAlwaysAllowStore", true);
    }

    if (alwaysAllowFind_)
    {
      LOG(WARNING) << "Security risk in DICOM SCP: C-FIND requests are always allowed, even from unknown modalities";
    }

    if (alwaysAllowGet_)
    {
      LOG(WARNING) << "Security risk in DICOM SCP: C-GET requests are always allowed, even from unknown modalities";
    }
  }

  virtual bool IsAllowedConnection(const std::string& remoteIp,
                                   const std::string& remoteAet,
                                   const std::string& calledAet) ORTHANC_OVERRIDE
  {
    LOG(INFO) << "Incoming connection from AET " << remoteAet
              << " on IP " << remoteIp << ", calling AET " << calledAet;

    if (alwaysAllowEcho_ ||
        alwaysAllowFind_ ||
        alwaysAllowGet_ ||
        alwaysAllowStore_)
    {
      return true;
    }
    else
    {
      OrthancConfiguration::ReaderLock lock;
      return lock.GetConfiguration().IsKnownAETitle(remoteAet, remoteIp);
    }
  }

  virtual bool IsAllowedRequest(const std::string& remoteIp,
                                const std::string& remoteAet,
                                const std::string& calledAet,
                                DicomRequestType type) ORTHANC_OVERRIDE
  {
    LOG(INFO) << "Incoming " << EnumerationToString(type) << " request from AET "
              << remoteAet << " on IP " << remoteIp << ", calling AET " << calledAet;
    
    if (type == DicomRequestType_Echo &&
        alwaysAllowEcho_)
    {
      // Incoming C-Echo requests are always accepted, even from unknown AET
      return true;
    }
    else if (type == DicomRequestType_Find &&
             alwaysAllowFind_)
    {
      // Incoming C-Find requests are always accepted, even from unknown AET
      return true;
    }
    else if (type == DicomRequestType_Store &&
             alwaysAllowStore_)
    {
      // Incoming C-Store requests are always accepted, even from unknown AET
      return true;
    }
    else if (type == DicomRequestType_Get &&
             alwaysAllowGet_)
    {
      // Incoming C-Get requests are always accepted, even from unknown AET
      return true;
    }
    else
    {
      OrthancConfiguration::ReaderLock lock;

      std::list<RemoteModalityParameters> modalities;
      if (lock.GetConfiguration().LookupDicomModalitiesUsingAETitle(modalities, remoteAet))
      {
        if (modalities.size() == 1) // don't check the IP if there's only one modality with this AET
        {
          return modalities.front().IsRequestAllowed(type);
        }
        else // if there are multiple modalities with the same AET, check the one matching this IP
        {
          for (std::list<RemoteModalityParameters>::const_iterator it = modalities.begin(); it != modalities.end(); ++it)
          {
            if (it->GetHost() == remoteIp)
            {
              return it->IsRequestAllowed(type);
            }
          }

          LOG(WARNING) << "Unable to check DICOM authorization for AET " << remoteAet
                       << " on IP " << remoteIp << ", " << modalities.size()
                       << " modalites found with this AET but none of them matching the IP";
        }
        return false;
      }
      else
      {
        return false;
      }
    }
  }


  virtual void GetAcceptedTransferSyntaxes(std::set<DicomTransferSyntax>& target,
                                           const std::string& remoteIp,
                                           const std::string& remoteAet,
                                           const std::string& calledAet) ORTHANC_OVERRIDE
  {
    context_.GetAcceptedTransferSyntaxes(target);
  }

  
  virtual bool IsUnknownSopClassAccepted(const std::string& remoteIp,
                                         const std::string& remoteAet,
                                         const std::string& calledAet) ORTHANC_OVERRIDE
  {
    return context_.IsUnknownSopClassAccepted();
  }
};


class MyIncomingHttpRequestFilter : public IIncomingHttpRequestFilter
{
private:
  ServerContext&   context_;
  OrthancPlugins*  plugins_;

public:
  MyIncomingHttpRequestFilter(ServerContext& context,
                              OrthancPlugins* plugins) : 
    context_(context),
    plugins_(plugins)
  {
  }

  virtual bool IsValidBearerToken(const std::string& token) ORTHANC_OVERRIDE
  {
#if ORTHANC_ENABLE_PLUGINS == 1
    return (plugins_ != NULL &&
            plugins_->IsValidAuthorizationToken(token));
#else
    return false;
#endif    
  }
  
  virtual bool IsAllowed(HttpMethod method,
                         const char* uri,
                         const char* ip,
                         const char* username,
                         const HttpToolbox::Arguments& httpHeaders,
                         const HttpToolbox::GetArguments& getArguments) ORTHANC_OVERRIDE
  {
#if ORTHANC_ENABLE_PLUGINS == 1
    if (plugins_ != NULL &&
        !plugins_->IsAllowed(method, uri, ip, username, httpHeaders, getArguments))
    {
      return false;
    }
#endif

    static const char* HTTP_FILTER = "IncomingHttpRequestFilter";

    LuaScripting::Lock lock(context_.GetLuaScripting());

    // Test if the instance must be filtered out
    if (lock.GetLua().IsExistingFunction(HTTP_FILTER))
    {
      LuaFunctionCall call(lock.GetLua(), HTTP_FILTER);

      switch (method)
      {
        case HttpMethod_Get:
          call.PushString("GET");
          break;

        case HttpMethod_Put:
          call.PushString("PUT");
          break;

        case HttpMethod_Post:
          call.PushString("POST");
          break;

        case HttpMethod_Delete:
          call.PushString("DELETE");
          break;

        default:
          return true;
      }

      call.PushString(uri);
      call.PushString(ip);
      call.PushString(username);
      call.PushStringMap(httpHeaders);

      if (!call.ExecutePredicate())
      {
        LOG(INFO) << "An incoming HTTP request has been discarded by the filter";
        return false;
      }
    }

    return true;
  }
};



class MyHttpExceptionFormatter : public IHttpExceptionFormatter
{
private:
  bool             describeErrors_;
  OrthancPlugins*  plugins_;

public:
  MyHttpExceptionFormatter(bool describeErrors,
                           OrthancPlugins* plugins) :
    describeErrors_(describeErrors),
    plugins_(plugins)
  {
  }

  virtual void Format(HttpOutput& output,
                      const OrthancException& exception,
                      HttpMethod method,
                      const char* uri) ORTHANC_OVERRIDE
  {
    {
      bool isPlugin = false;

#if ORTHANC_ENABLE_PLUGINS == 1
      if (plugins_ != NULL)
      {
        plugins_->GetErrorDictionary().LogError(exception.GetErrorCode(), true);
        isPlugin = true;
      }
#endif

      if (!isPlugin)
      {
        LOG(ERROR) << "Exception in the HTTP handler: " << exception.What();
      }
    }      

    Json::Value message = Json::objectValue;
    ErrorCode errorCode = exception.GetErrorCode();
    HttpStatus httpStatus = exception.GetHttpStatus();

    {
      bool isPlugin = false;

#if ORTHANC_ENABLE_PLUGINS == 1
      if (plugins_ != NULL &&
          plugins_->GetErrorDictionary().Format(message, httpStatus, exception))
      {
        errorCode = ErrorCode_Plugin;
        isPlugin = true;
      }
#endif

      if (!isPlugin)
      {
        message["Message"] = exception.What();
      }
    }

    if (!describeErrors_)
    {
      output.SendStatus(httpStatus);
    }
    else
    {
      message["Method"] = EnumerationToString(method);
      message["Uri"] = uri;
      message["HttpError"] = EnumerationToString(httpStatus);
      message["HttpStatus"] = httpStatus;
      message["OrthancError"] = EnumerationToString(errorCode);
      message["OrthancStatus"] = errorCode;

      if (exception.HasDetails())
      {
        message["Details"] = exception.GetDetails();
      }

      std::string info = message.toStyledString();
      output.SendStatus(httpStatus, info);
    }
  }
};


static void PrintHelp(const char* path)
{
  std::cout 
    << "Usage: " << path << " [OPTION]... [CONFIGURATION]" << std::endl
    << "Orthanc, lightweight, RESTful DICOM server for healthcare and medical research." << std::endl
    << std::endl
    << "The \"CONFIGURATION\" argument can be a single file or a directory. In the " << std::endl
    << "case of a directory, all the JSON files it contains will be merged. " << std::endl
    << "If no configuration path is given on the command line, a set of default " << std::endl
    << "parameters is used. Please refer to the Orthanc Book for the full " << std::endl
    << "instructions about how to use Orthanc <http://book.orthanc-server.com/>." << std::endl
    << std::endl
    << "Pay attention to the fact that the order of the options is important." << std::endl
    << "Options are read left to right. In particular, options such as \"--verbose\" can " << std::endl
    << "reset the value of other log-related options that were read before." << std::endl
    << std::endl
    << "The recommended set of options to debug DICOM communications is " << std::endl
    << "\"--verbose --trace-dicom --logfile=dicom.log\"" << std::endl
    << std::endl
    << "Command-line options:" << std::endl
    << "  --help\t\tdisplay this help and exit" << std::endl
    << "  --logdir=[dir]\tdirectory where to store the log files" << std::endl
    << "\t\t\t(by default, the log is dumped to stderr)" << std::endl
    << "  --logfile=[file]\tfile where to store the log of Orthanc" << std::endl
    << "\t\t\t(by default, the log is dumped to stderr)" << std::endl
    << "  --config=[file]\tcreate a sample configuration file and exit" << std::endl
    << "\t\t\t(if \"file\" is \"-\", dumps to stdout)" << std::endl
    << "  --errors\t\tprint the supported error codes and exit" << std::endl
    << "  --verbose\t\tbe verbose in logs" << std::endl
    << "  --trace\t\thighest verbosity in logs (for debug)" << std::endl
    << "  --upgrade\t\tallow Orthanc to upgrade the version of the" << std::endl
    << "\t\t\tdatabase (beware that the database will become" << std::endl
    << "\t\t\tincompatible with former versions of Orthanc)" << std::endl
    << "  --no-jobs\t\tdon't restart the jobs that were stored during" << std::endl
    << "\t\t\tthe last execution of Orthanc" << std::endl
    << "  --openapi=[file]\twrite the OpenAPI documentation and exit" << std::endl
    << "\t\t\t(if \"file\" is \"-\", dumps to stdout)" << std::endl
    << "  --cheatsheet=[file]\twrite the cheat sheet of REST API as CSV" << std::endl
    << "\t\t\tand exit (if \"file\" is \"-\", dumps to stdout)" << std::endl
    << "  --version\t\toutput version information and exit" << std::endl
    << std::endl
    << "Fine-tuning of log categories:" << std::endl;

  for (size_t i = 0; i < Logging::GetCategoriesCount(); i++)
  {
    const std::string name = Logging::GetCategoryName(i);
    std::cout << "  --verbose-" << name
              << "\tbe verbose in logs of category \"" << name << "\"" << std::endl;
    std::cout << "  --trace-" << name
              << "\tuse highest verbosity for logs of category \"" << name << "\"" << std::endl;
  }
  
  std::cout
    << std::endl
    << "Exit status:" << std::endl
    << "  0\tif success," << std::endl
#if defined(_WIN32)
    << "  != 0\tif error (use the --errors option to get the list of possible errors)." << std::endl
#else
    << "  -1\tif error (have a look at the logs)." << std::endl
#endif
    << std::endl;
}


static void PrintVersion(const char* path)
{
  std::cout
    << path << " " << ORTHANC_VERSION << std::endl
    << "Copyright (C) 2012-2016 Sebastien Jodogne, Medical Physics Department, University Hospital of Liege (Belgium)" << std::endl
    << "Copyright (C) 2017-2021 Osimis S.A. (Belgium)" << std::endl
    << "Licensing GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>, with OpenSSL exception." << std::endl
    << "This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it." << std::endl
    << "There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law." << std::endl
    << std::endl
    << "Written by Sebastien Jodogne <s.jodogne@orthanc-labs.com>" << std::endl;
}


static void PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode code, const char* description)
{
  std::cout 
    << std::right << std::setw(16) 
    << static_cast<int>(code)
    << "   " << description << std::endl;
}


static void PrintErrors(const char* path)
{
  std::cout
    << path << " " << ORTHANC_VERSION << std::endl
    << "Orthanc, lightweight, RESTful DICOM server for healthcare and medical research." 
    << std::endl << std::endl
    << "List of error codes that could be returned by Orthanc:" 
    << std::endl << std::endl;

  // The content of the following brackets is automatically generated
  // by the "GenerateErrorCodes.py" script
  {
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_InternalError, "Internal error");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_Success, "Success");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_Plugin, "Error encountered within the plugin engine");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_NotImplemented, "Not implemented yet");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_ParameterOutOfRange, "Parameter out of range");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_NotEnoughMemory, "The server hosting Orthanc is running out of memory");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_BadParameterType, "Bad type for a parameter");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_BadSequenceOfCalls, "Bad sequence of calls");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_InexistentItem, "Accessing an inexistent item");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_BadRequest, "Bad request");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_NetworkProtocol, "Error in the network protocol");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_SystemCommand, "Error while calling a system command");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_Database, "Error with the database engine");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_UriSyntax, "Badly formatted URI");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_InexistentFile, "Inexistent file");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_CannotWriteFile, "Cannot write to file");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_BadFileFormat, "Bad file format");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_Timeout, "Timeout");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_UnknownResource, "Unknown resource");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_IncompatibleDatabaseVersion, "Incompatible version of the database");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_FullStorage, "The file storage is full");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_CorruptedFile, "Corrupted file (e.g. inconsistent MD5 hash)");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_InexistentTag, "Inexistent tag");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_ReadOnly, "Cannot modify a read-only data structure");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_IncompatibleImageFormat, "Incompatible format of the images");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_IncompatibleImageSize, "Incompatible size of the images");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_SharedLibrary, "Error while using a shared library (plugin)");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_UnknownPluginService, "Plugin invoking an unknown service");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_UnknownDicomTag, "Unknown DICOM tag");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_BadJson, "Cannot parse a JSON document");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_Unauthorized, "Bad credentials were provided to an HTTP request");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_BadFont, "Badly formatted font file");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_DatabasePlugin, "The plugin implementing a custom database back-end does not fulfill the proper interface");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_StorageAreaPlugin, "Error in the plugin implementing a custom storage area");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_EmptyRequest, "The request is empty");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_NotAcceptable, "Cannot send a response which is acceptable according to the Accept HTTP header");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_NullPointer, "Cannot handle a NULL pointer");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_DatabaseUnavailable, "The database is currently not available (probably a transient situation)");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_CanceledJob, "This job was canceled");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_BadGeometry, "Geometry error encountered in Stone");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_SslInitialization, "Cannot initialize SSL encryption, check out your certificates");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_DiscontinuedAbi, "Calling a function that has been removed from the Orthanc Framework");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_BadRange, "Incorrect range request");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_SQLiteNotOpened, "SQLite: The database is not opened");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_SQLiteAlreadyOpened, "SQLite: Connection is already open");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_SQLiteCannotOpen, "SQLite: Unable to open the database");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_SQLiteStatementAlreadyUsed, "SQLite: This cached statement is already being referred to");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_SQLiteExecute, "SQLite: Cannot execute a command");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_SQLiteRollbackWithoutTransaction, "SQLite: Rolling back a nonexistent transaction (have you called Begin()?)");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_SQLiteCommitWithoutTransaction, "SQLite: Committing a nonexistent transaction");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_SQLiteRegisterFunction, "SQLite: Unable to register a function");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_SQLiteFlush, "SQLite: Unable to flush the database");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_SQLiteCannotRun, "SQLite: Cannot run a cached statement");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_SQLiteCannotStep, "SQLite: Cannot step over a cached statement");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_SQLiteBindOutOfRange, "SQLite: Bing a value while out of range (serious error)");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_SQLitePrepareStatement, "SQLite: Cannot prepare a cached statement");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_SQLiteTransactionAlreadyStarted, "SQLite: Beginning the same transaction twice");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_SQLiteTransactionCommit, "SQLite: Failure when committing the transaction");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_SQLiteTransactionBegin, "SQLite: Cannot start a transaction");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_DirectoryOverFile, "The directory to be created is already occupied by a regular file");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_FileStorageCannotWrite, "Unable to create a subdirectory or a file in the file storage");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_DirectoryExpected, "The specified path does not point to a directory");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_HttpPortInUse, "The TCP port of the HTTP server is privileged or already in use");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_DicomPortInUse, "The TCP port of the DICOM server is privileged or already in use");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_BadHttpStatusInRest, "This HTTP status is not allowed in a REST API");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_RegularFileExpected, "The specified path does not point to a regular file");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_PathToExecutable, "Unable to get the path to the executable");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_MakeDirectory, "Cannot create a directory");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_BadApplicationEntityTitle, "An application entity title (AET) cannot be empty or be longer than 16 characters");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_NoCFindHandler, "No request handler factory for DICOM C-FIND SCP");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_NoCMoveHandler, "No request handler factory for DICOM C-MOVE SCP");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_NoCStoreHandler, "No request handler factory for DICOM C-STORE SCP");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_NoApplicationEntityFilter, "No application entity filter");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_NoSopClassOrInstance, "DicomUserConnection: Unable to find the SOP class and instance");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_NoPresentationContext, "DicomUserConnection: No acceptable presentation context for modality");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_DicomFindUnavailable, "DicomUserConnection: The C-FIND command is not supported by the remote SCP");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_DicomMoveUnavailable, "DicomUserConnection: The C-MOVE command is not supported by the remote SCP");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_CannotStoreInstance, "Cannot store an instance");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_CreateDicomNotString, "Only string values are supported when creating DICOM instances");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_CreateDicomOverrideTag, "Trying to override a value inherited from a parent module");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_CreateDicomUseContent, "Use \"Content\" to inject an image into a new DICOM instance");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_CreateDicomNoPayload, "No payload is present for one instance in the series");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_CreateDicomUseDataUriScheme, "The payload of the DICOM instance must be specified according to Data URI scheme");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_CreateDicomBadParent, "Trying to attach a new DICOM instance to an inexistent resource");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_CreateDicomParentIsInstance, "Trying to attach a new DICOM instance to an instance (must be a series, study or patient)");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_CreateDicomParentEncoding, "Unable to get the encoding of the parent resource");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_UnknownModality, "Unknown modality");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_BadJobOrdering, "Bad ordering of filters in a job");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_JsonToLuaTable, "Cannot convert the given JSON object to a Lua table");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_CannotCreateLua, "Cannot create the Lua context");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_CannotExecuteLua, "Cannot execute a Lua command");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_LuaAlreadyExecuted, "Arguments cannot be pushed after the Lua function is executed");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_LuaBadOutput, "The Lua function does not give the expected number of outputs");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_NotLuaPredicate, "The Lua function is not a predicate (only true/false outputs allowed)");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_LuaReturnsNoString, "The Lua function does not return a string");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_StorageAreaAlreadyRegistered, "Another plugin has already registered a custom storage area");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_DatabaseBackendAlreadyRegistered, "Another plugin has already registered a custom database back-end");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_DatabaseNotInitialized, "Plugin trying to call the database during its initialization");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_SslDisabled, "Orthanc has been built without SSL support");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_CannotOrderSlices, "Unable to order the slices of the series");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_NoWorklistHandler, "No request handler factory for DICOM C-Find Modality SCP");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_AlreadyExistingTag, "Cannot override the value of a tag that already exists");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_NoStorageCommitmentHandler, "No request handler factory for DICOM N-ACTION SCP (storage commitment)");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_NoCGetHandler, "No request handler factory for DICOM C-GET SCP");
    PrintErrorCode(ErrorCode_UnsupportedMediaType, "Unsupported media type");
  }

  std::cout << std::endl;
}



#if ORTHANC_ENABLE_PLUGINS == 1
static void LoadPlugins(OrthancPlugins& plugins)
{
  std::list<std::string> pathList;

  {
    OrthancConfiguration::ReaderLock lock;
    lock.GetConfiguration().GetListOfStringsParameter(pathList, "Plugins");
  }

  for (std::list<std::string>::const_iterator
         it = pathList.begin(); it != pathList.end(); ++it)
  {
    std::string path;

    {
      OrthancConfiguration::ReaderLock lock;
      path = lock.GetConfiguration().InterpretStringParameterAsPath(*it);
    }

    LOG(WARNING) << "Loading plugin(s) from: " << path;
    plugins.GetManager().RegisterPlugin(path);
  }  
}
#endif



// Returns "true" if restart is required
static bool WaitForExit(ServerContext& context,
                        const OrthancRestApi& restApi)
{
  LOG(WARNING) << "Orthanc has started";

#if ORTHANC_ENABLE_PLUGINS == 1
  if (context.HasPlugins())
  {
    context.GetPlugins().SignalOrthancStarted();
  }
#endif

  context.GetLuaScripting().Start();
  context.GetLuaScripting().Execute("Initialize");

  bool restart;

  for (;;)
  {
    ServerBarrierEvent event = SystemToolbox::ServerBarrier(restApi.LeaveBarrierFlag());
    restart = restApi.IsResetRequestReceived();

    if (!restart && 
        event == ServerBarrierEvent_Reload)
    {
      // Handling of SIGHUP

      OrthancConfiguration::ReaderLock lock;
      if (lock.GetConfiguration().HasConfigurationChanged())
      {
        LOG(WARNING) << "A SIGHUP signal has been received, resetting Orthanc";
        Logging::Flush();
        restart = true;
        break;
      }
      else
      {
        LOG(WARNING) << "A SIGHUP signal has been received, but is ignored "
                     << "as the configuration has not changed on the disk";
        Logging::Flush();
        continue;
      }
    }
    else
    {
      break;
    }
  }

  context.GetLuaScripting().Execute("Finalize");
  context.GetLuaScripting().Stop();

#if ORTHANC_ENABLE_PLUGINS == 1
  if (context.HasPlugins())
  {
    context.GetPlugins().SignalOrthancStopped();
  }
#endif

  if (restart)
  {
    LOG(WARNING) << "Reset request received, restarting Orthanc";
  }

  // We're done
  LOG(WARNING) << "Orthanc is stopping";

  return restart;
}



static bool StartHttpServer(ServerContext& context,
                            const OrthancRestApi& restApi,
                            OrthancPlugins* plugins)
{
  bool httpServerEnabled;

  {
    OrthancConfiguration::ReaderLock lock;
    httpServerEnabled = lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter("HttpServerEnabled", true);
  }

  if (!httpServerEnabled)
  {
    LOG(WARNING) << "The HTTP server is disabled";
    return WaitForExit(context, restApi);
  }
  else
  {
    MyIncomingHttpRequestFilter httpFilter(context, plugins);
    HttpServer httpServer;
    bool httpDescribeErrors;

#if ORTHANC_ENABLE_MONGOOSE == 1
    const bool defaultKeepAlive = false;
#elif ORTHANC_ENABLE_CIVETWEB == 1
    const bool defaultKeepAlive = true;
#else
#  error "Either Mongoose or Civetweb must be enabled to compile this file"
#endif
  
    {
      OrthancConfiguration::ReaderLock lock;
      
      httpDescribeErrors = lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter("HttpDescribeErrors", true);
  
      // HTTP server
      httpServer.SetThreadsCount(lock.GetConfiguration().GetUnsignedIntegerParameter("HttpThreadsCount", 50));
      httpServer.SetPortNumber(lock.GetConfiguration().GetUnsignedIntegerParameter("HttpPort", 8042));
      httpServer.SetRemoteAccessAllowed(lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter("RemoteAccessAllowed", false));
      httpServer.SetKeepAliveEnabled(lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter("KeepAlive", defaultKeepAlive));
      httpServer.SetHttpCompressionEnabled(lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter("HttpCompressionEnabled", true));
      httpServer.SetTcpNoDelay(lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter("TcpNoDelay", true));
      httpServer.SetRequestTimeout(lock.GetConfiguration().GetUnsignedIntegerParameter("HttpRequestTimeout", 30));

      // Let's assume that the HTTP server is secure
      context.SetHttpServerSecure(true);

      bool authenticationEnabled;
      if (lock.GetConfiguration().LookupBooleanParameter(authenticationEnabled, "AuthenticationEnabled"))
      {
        httpServer.SetAuthenticationEnabled(authenticationEnabled);

        if (httpServer.IsRemoteAccessAllowed() &&
            !authenticationEnabled)
        {
          LOG(WARNING) << "====> Remote access is enabled while user authentication is explicitly disabled, "
                       << "your setup is POSSIBLY INSECURE <====";
          context.SetHttpServerSecure(false);
        }
      }
      else if (httpServer.IsRemoteAccessAllowed())
      {
        // Starting with Orthanc 1.5.8, it is impossible to enable
        // remote access without having explicitly disabled user
        // authentication.
        LOG(WARNING) << "Remote access is allowed but \"AuthenticationEnabled\" is not in the configuration, "
                     << "automatically enabling HTTP authentication for security";          
        httpServer.SetAuthenticationEnabled(true);
      }
      else
      {
        // If Orthanc only listens on the localhost, it is OK to have
        // "AuthenticationEnabled" disabled
        httpServer.SetAuthenticationEnabled(false);
      }

      bool hasUsers = lock.GetConfiguration().SetupRegisteredUsers(httpServer);

      if (httpServer.IsAuthenticationEnabled() &&
          !hasUsers)
      {
        if (httpServer.IsRemoteAccessAllowed())
        {
          /**
           * Starting with Orthanc 1.5.8, if no user is explicitly
           * defined while remote access is allowed, we create a
           * default user, and Orthanc Explorer shows a warning
           * message about an "Insecure setup". This convention is
           * used in Docker images "jodogne/orthanc",
           * "jodogne/orthanc-plugins" and "osimis/orthanc".
           **/
          LOG(WARNING) << "====> HTTP authentication is enabled, but no user is declared. "
                       << "Creating a default user: Review your configuration option \"RegisteredUsers\". "
                       << "Your setup is INSECURE <====";

          context.SetHttpServerSecure(false);

          // This is the username/password of the default user in Orthanc.
          httpServer.RegisterUser("orthanc", "orthanc");
        }
        else
        {
          LOG(WARNING) << "HTTP authentication is enabled, but no user is declared, "
                       << "check the value of configuration option \"RegisteredUsers\"";
        }
      }
      
      if (lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter("SslEnabled", false))
      {
        std::string certificate = lock.GetConfiguration().InterpretStringParameterAsPath(
          lock.GetConfiguration().GetStringParameter("SslCertificate", "certificate.pem"));
        httpServer.SetSslEnabled(true);
        httpServer.SetSslCertificate(certificate.c_str());
        
        // Default to TLS 1.2 as SSL minimum
        // See https://github.com/civetweb/civetweb/blob/master/docs/UserManual.md "ssl_protocol_version" for mapping
        static const unsigned int TLS_1_2 = 4;
        unsigned int minimumVersion = lock.GetConfiguration().GetUnsignedIntegerParameter("SslMinimumProtocolVersion", TLS_1_2);
        httpServer.SetSslMinimumVersion(minimumVersion);

        static const char* SSL_CIPHERS_ACCEPTED = "SslCiphersAccepted";

        std::list<std::string> ciphers;

        if (lock.GetJson().type() == Json::objectValue &&
            lock.GetJson().isMember(SSL_CIPHERS_ACCEPTED))
        {
          lock.GetConfiguration().GetListOfStringsParameter(ciphers, SSL_CIPHERS_ACCEPTED);
        }
        else
        {
          // Defaults to FIPS 140-2 ciphers 
          CLOG(INFO, HTTP) << "No configuration option \"" << SSL_CIPHERS_ACCEPTED
                           << "\", will accept the FIPS 140-2 ciphers";

          ciphers.push_back("ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384");
          ciphers.push_back("ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384");
          ciphers.push_back("ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384");
          ciphers.push_back("ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256");
          ciphers.push_back("ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384");
          ciphers.push_back("ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256");
          ciphers.push_back("ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA");
          ciphers.push_back("ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA");
          ciphers.push_back("DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA");
          ciphers.push_back("DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA");
          ciphers.push_back("AES256-SHA");
          ciphers.push_back("AES128-SHA");
        }
        
        httpServer.SetSslCiphers(ciphers);
      }
      else
      {
        httpServer.SetSslEnabled(false);
      }

      if (lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter("SslVerifyPeers", false))
      {
        std::string trustedClientCertificates = lock.GetConfiguration().InterpretStringParameterAsPath(
          lock.GetConfiguration().GetStringParameter("SslTrustedClientCertificates", "trustedCertificates.pem"));
        httpServer.SetSslVerifyPeers(true);
        httpServer.SetSslTrustedClientCertificates(trustedClientCertificates.c_str());
      }
      else
      {
        httpServer.SetSslVerifyPeers(false);
      }

      if (lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter("ExecuteLuaEnabled", false))
      {
        context.SetExecuteLuaEnabled(true);
        LOG(WARNING) << "====> Remote LUA script execution is enabled.  Review your configuration option \"ExecuteLuaEnabled\". "
                     << "Your setup is POSSIBLY INSECURE <====";
      }
      else
      {
        context.SetExecuteLuaEnabled(false);
        LOG(WARNING) << "Remote LUA script execution is disabled";
      }

      if (lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter("WebDavEnabled", true))
      {
        const bool allowDelete = lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter("WebDavDeleteAllowed", false);
        const bool allowUpload = lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter("WebDavUploadAllowed", true);
        
        UriComponents root;
        root.push_back("webdav");
        httpServer.Register(root, new OrthancWebDav(context, allowDelete, allowUpload));
      }
    }

    MyHttpExceptionFormatter exceptionFormatter(httpDescribeErrors, plugins);
        
    httpServer.SetIncomingHttpRequestFilter(httpFilter);
    httpServer.SetHttpExceptionFormatter(exceptionFormatter);
    httpServer.Register(context.GetHttpHandler());

    if (httpServer.GetPortNumber() < 1024)
    {
      LOG(WARNING) << "The HTTP port is privileged (" 
                   << httpServer.GetPortNumber() << " is below 1024), "
                   << "make sure you run Orthanc as root/administrator";
    }

    httpServer.Start();
  
    bool restart = WaitForExit(context, restApi);

    httpServer.Stop();
    LOG(WARNING) << "    HTTP server has stopped";

    return restart;
  }
}


static bool StartDicomServer(ServerContext& context,
                             const OrthancRestApi& restApi,
                             OrthancPlugins* plugins)
{
  bool dicomServerEnabled;

  {
    OrthancConfiguration::ReaderLock lock;
    dicomServerEnabled = lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter("DicomServerEnabled", true);
  }

  if (!dicomServerEnabled)
  {
    LOG(WARNING) << "The DICOM server is disabled";
    return StartHttpServer(context, restApi, plugins);
  }
  else
  {
    MyDicomServerFactory serverFactory(context);
    OrthancApplicationEntityFilter dicomFilter(context);
    ModalitiesFromConfiguration modalities;
  
    // Setup the DICOM server  
    DicomServer dicomServer;
    dicomServer.SetRemoteModalities(modalities);
    dicomServer.SetStoreRequestHandlerFactory(serverFactory);
    dicomServer.SetMoveRequestHandlerFactory(serverFactory);
    dicomServer.SetGetRequestHandlerFactory(serverFactory);
    dicomServer.SetFindRequestHandlerFactory(serverFactory);
    dicomServer.SetStorageCommitmentRequestHandlerFactory(serverFactory);

    {
      OrthancConfiguration::ReaderLock lock;
      dicomServer.SetCalledApplicationEntityTitleCheck(lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter("DicomCheckCalledAet", false));
      dicomServer.SetAssociationTimeout(lock.GetConfiguration().GetUnsignedIntegerParameter("DicomScpTimeout", 30));
      dicomServer.SetPortNumber(lock.GetConfiguration().GetUnsignedIntegerParameter("DicomPort", 4242));
      dicomServer.SetApplicationEntityTitle(lock.GetConfiguration().GetOrthancAET());

      // Configuration of DICOM TLS for Orthanc SCP (since Orthanc 1.9.0)
      dicomServer.SetDicomTlsEnabled(lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter(KEY_DICOM_TLS_ENABLED, false));
      if (dicomServer.IsDicomTlsEnabled())
      {
        dicomServer.SetOwnCertificatePath(
          lock.GetConfiguration().GetStringParameter(KEY_DICOM_TLS_PRIVATE_KEY, ""),
          lock.GetConfiguration().GetStringParameter(KEY_DICOM_TLS_CERTIFICATE, ""));
        dicomServer.SetTrustedCertificatesPath(
          lock.GetConfiguration().GetStringParameter(KEY_DICOM_TLS_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATES, ""));
      }

      dicomServer.SetMaximumPduLength(lock.GetConfiguration().GetUnsignedIntegerParameter(KEY_MAXIMUM_PDU_LENGTH, 16384));
    }

#if ORTHANC_ENABLE_PLUGINS == 1
    if (plugins != NULL)
    {
      if (plugins->HasWorklistHandler())
      {
        dicomServer.SetWorklistRequestHandlerFactory(*plugins);
      }

      if (plugins->HasFindHandler())
      {
        dicomServer.SetFindRequestHandlerFactory(*plugins);
      }

      if (plugins->HasMoveHandler())
      {
        dicomServer.SetMoveRequestHandlerFactory(*plugins);
      }
    }
#endif

    dicomServer.SetApplicationEntityFilter(dicomFilter);

    if (dicomServer.GetPortNumber() < 1024)
    {
      LOG(WARNING) << "The DICOM port is privileged (" 
                   << dicomServer.GetPortNumber() << " is below 1024), "
                   << "make sure you run Orthanc as root/administrator";
    }

    dicomServer.Start();
    LOG(WARNING) << "DICOM server listening with AET " << dicomServer.GetApplicationEntityTitle() 
                 << " on port: " << dicomServer.GetPortNumber();

    bool restart = false;
    ErrorCode error = ErrorCode_Success;

    try
    {
      restart = StartHttpServer(context, restApi, plugins);
    }
    catch (OrthancException& e)
    {
      error = e.GetErrorCode();
    }

    dicomServer.Stop();
    LOG(WARNING) << "    DICOM server has stopped";

    serverFactory.Done();

    if (error != ErrorCode_Success)
    {
      throw OrthancException(error);
    }

    return restart;
  }
}


static bool ConfigureHttpHandler(ServerContext& context,
                                 OrthancPlugins *plugins,
                                 bool loadJobsFromDatabase)
{
#if ORTHANC_ENABLE_PLUGINS == 1
  // By order of priority, first apply the "plugins" layer, so that
  // plugins can overwrite the built-in REST API of Orthanc
  if (plugins)
  {
    assert(context.HasPlugins());
    context.GetHttpHandler().Register(*plugins, false);
  }
#endif
  
  // Secondly, apply the "static resources" layer
#if ORTHANC_STANDALONE == 1
  EmbeddedResourceHttpHandler staticResources("/app", ServerResources::ORTHANC_EXPLORER);
#else
  FilesystemHttpHandler staticResources("/app", ORTHANC_PATH "/OrthancExplorer");
#endif

  // Do not register static resources if orthanc explorer is disabled
  bool orthancExplorerEnabled = false;
  {
    OrthancConfiguration::ReaderLock lock;
    orthancExplorerEnabled = lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter(
        "OrthancExplorerEnabled", true);
  }

  if (orthancExplorerEnabled)
  {
    context.GetHttpHandler().Register(staticResources, false);
  }
  else
  {
    LOG(WARNING) << "Orthanc Explorer UI is disabled";
  }

  // Thirdly, consider the built-in REST API of Orthanc
  OrthancRestApi restApi(context, orthancExplorerEnabled);
  context.GetHttpHandler().Register(restApi, true);

  context.SetupJobsEngine(false /* not running unit tests */, loadJobsFromDatabase);

  bool restart = StartDicomServer(context, restApi, plugins);

  context.Stop();

  return restart;
}


static void UpgradeDatabase(IDatabaseWrapper& database,
                            IStorageArea& storageArea)
{
  // Upgrade the schema of the database, if needed
  unsigned int currentVersion = database.GetDatabaseVersion();

  LOG(WARNING) << "Starting the upgrade of the database schema";
  LOG(WARNING) << "Current database version: " << currentVersion;
  LOG(WARNING) << "Database version expected by Orthanc: " << ORTHANC_DATABASE_VERSION;
  
  if (currentVersion == ORTHANC_DATABASE_VERSION)
  {
    LOG(WARNING) << "No upgrade is needed, start Orthanc without the \"--upgrade\" argument";
    return;
  }

  if (currentVersion > ORTHANC_DATABASE_VERSION)
  {
    throw OrthancException(ErrorCode_IncompatibleDatabaseVersion,
                           "The version of the database schema (" +
                           boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(currentVersion) +
                           ") is too recent for this version of Orthanc. Please upgrade Orthanc.");
  }

  LOG(WARNING) << "Upgrading the database from schema version "
               << currentVersion << " to " << ORTHANC_DATABASE_VERSION;

  try
  {
    database.Upgrade(ORTHANC_DATABASE_VERSION, storageArea);
  }
  catch (OrthancException&)
  {
    LOG(ERROR) << "Unable to run the automated upgrade, please use the replication instructions: "
               << "http://book.orthanc-server.com/users/replication.html";
    throw;
  }
    
  // Sanity check
  currentVersion = database.GetDatabaseVersion();
  if (ORTHANC_DATABASE_VERSION != currentVersion)
  {
    throw OrthancException(ErrorCode_IncompatibleDatabaseVersion,
                           "The database schema was not properly upgraded, it is still at version " +
                           boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(currentVersion));
  }
  else
  {
    LOG(WARNING) << "The database schema was successfully upgraded, "
                 << "you can now start Orthanc without the \"--upgrade\" argument";
  }
}



namespace
{
  class ServerContextConfigurator : public boost::noncopyable
  {
  private:
    ServerContext&   context_;
    OrthancPlugins*  plugins_;

  public:
    ServerContextConfigurator(ServerContext& context,
                              OrthancPlugins* plugins) :
      context_(context),
      plugins_(plugins)
    {
      {
        OrthancConfiguration::WriterLock lock;
        lock.GetConfiguration().SetServerIndex(context.GetIndex());
      }

#if ORTHANC_ENABLE_PLUGINS == 1
      if (plugins_ != NULL)
      {
        plugins_->SetServerContext(context_);
        context_.SetPlugins(*plugins_);
      }
#endif
    }

    ~ServerContextConfigurator()
    {
      {
        OrthancConfiguration::WriterLock lock;
        lock.GetConfiguration().ResetServerIndex();
      }

#if ORTHANC_ENABLE_PLUGINS == 1
      if (plugins_ != NULL)
      {
        plugins_->ResetServerContext();
        context_.ResetPlugins();
      }
#endif
    }
  };
}


static bool ConfigureServerContext(IDatabaseWrapper& database,
                                   IStorageArea& storageArea,
                                   OrthancPlugins *plugins,
                                   bool loadJobsFromDatabase)
{
  size_t maxCompletedJobs;
  
  {
    OrthancConfiguration::ReaderLock lock;

    // These configuration options must be set before creating the
    // ServerContext, otherwise the possible Lua scripts will not be
    // able to properly issue HTTP/HTTPS queries
    HttpClient::ConfigureSsl(lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter("HttpsVerifyPeers", true),
                             lock.GetConfiguration().InterpretStringParameterAsPath
                             (lock.GetConfiguration().GetStringParameter("HttpsCACertificates", "")));
    HttpClient::SetDefaultVerbose(lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter("HttpVerbose", false));

    // The value "0" below makes the class HttpClient use its default
    // value (DEFAULT_HTTP_TIMEOUT = 60 seconds in Orthanc 1.5.7)
    HttpClient::SetDefaultTimeout(lock.GetConfiguration().GetUnsignedIntegerParameter("HttpTimeout", 0));
    
    HttpClient::SetDefaultProxy(lock.GetConfiguration().GetStringParameter("HttpProxy", ""));
    
    DicomAssociationParameters::SetDefaultTimeout(lock.GetConfiguration().GetUnsignedIntegerParameter("DicomScuTimeout", 10));

    maxCompletedJobs = lock.GetConfiguration().GetUnsignedIntegerParameter("JobsHistorySize", 10);

    if (maxCompletedJobs == 0)
    {
      LOG(WARNING) << "Setting option \"JobsHistorySize\" to zero is not recommended";
    }

    // Configuration of DICOM TLS for Orthanc SCU (since Orthanc 1.9.0)
    DicomAssociationParameters::SetDefaultOwnCertificatePath(
      lock.GetConfiguration().GetStringParameter(KEY_DICOM_TLS_PRIVATE_KEY, ""),
      lock.GetConfiguration().GetStringParameter(KEY_DICOM_TLS_CERTIFICATE, ""));
    DicomAssociationParameters::SetDefaultTrustedCertificatesPath(
      lock.GetConfiguration().GetStringParameter(KEY_DICOM_TLS_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATES, ""));
    DicomAssociationParameters::SetDefaultMaximumPduLength(
      lock.GetConfiguration().GetUnsignedIntegerParameter(KEY_MAXIMUM_PDU_LENGTH, 16384));
  }
  
  ServerContext context(database, storageArea, false /* not running unit tests */, maxCompletedJobs);

  {
    OrthancConfiguration::ReaderLock lock;

    context.SetCompressionEnabled(lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter("StorageCompression", false));
    context.SetStoreMD5ForAttachments(lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter("StoreMD5ForAttachments", true));

    // New option in Orthanc 1.4.2
    context.SetOverwriteInstances(lock.GetConfiguration().GetBooleanParameter("OverwriteInstances", false));

    try
    {
      context.GetIndex().SetMaximumPatientCount(lock.GetConfiguration().GetUnsignedIntegerParameter("MaximumPatientCount", 0));
    }
    catch (...)
    {
      context.GetIndex().SetMaximumPatientCount(0);
    }

    try
    {
      uint64_t size = lock.GetConfiguration().GetUnsignedIntegerParameter("MaximumStorageSize", 0);
      context.GetIndex().SetMaximumStorageSize(size * 1024 * 1024);
    }
    catch (...)
    {
      context.GetIndex().SetMaximumStorageSize(0);
    }
  }

  {
    ServerContextConfigurator configurator(context, plugins);  // This calls "OrthancConfiguration::SetServerIndex()"

    {
      OrthancConfiguration::WriterLock lock;
      lock.GetConfiguration().LoadModalitiesAndPeers();
    }

    return ConfigureHttpHandler(context, plugins, loadJobsFromDatabase);
  }
}


static bool ConfigureDatabase(IDatabaseWrapper& database,
                              IStorageArea& storageArea,
                              OrthancPlugins *plugins,
                              bool upgradeDatabase,
                              bool loadJobsFromDatabase)
{
  database.Open();

  unsigned int currentVersion = database.GetDatabaseVersion();

  if (upgradeDatabase)
  {
    UpgradeDatabase(database, storageArea);
    return false;  // Stop and don't restart Orthanc (cf. issue 29)
  }
  else if (currentVersion != ORTHANC_DATABASE_VERSION)
  {
    throw OrthancException(ErrorCode_IncompatibleDatabaseVersion,
                           "The database schema must be upgraded from version " +
                           boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(currentVersion) + " to " +
                           boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(ORTHANC_DATABASE_VERSION) +
                           ": Please run Orthanc with the \"--upgrade\" argument");
  }

  bool success = ConfigureServerContext
    (database, storageArea, plugins, loadJobsFromDatabase);

  database.Close();

  return success;
}


static bool ConfigurePlugins(int argc, 
                             char* argv[],
                             bool upgradeDatabase,
                             bool loadJobsFromDatabase)
{
  std::unique_ptr<IDatabaseWrapper>  databasePtr;
  std::unique_ptr<IStorageArea>  storage;

#if ORTHANC_ENABLE_PLUGINS == 1
  OrthancPlugins plugins;
  plugins.SetCommandLineArguments(argc, argv);
  LoadPlugins(plugins);

  IDatabaseWrapper* database = NULL;
  if (plugins.HasDatabaseBackend())
  {
    LOG(WARNING) << "Using a custom database from plugins";
    database = &plugins.GetDatabaseBackend();
  }
  else
  {
    databasePtr.reset(CreateDatabaseWrapper());
    database = databasePtr.get();
  }

  if (plugins.HasStorageArea())
  {
    LOG(WARNING) << "Using a custom storage area from plugins";
    storage.reset(plugins.CreateStorageArea());
  }
  else
  {
    storage.reset(CreateStorageArea());
  }

  assert(database != NULL);
  assert(storage.get() != NULL);

  return ConfigureDatabase(*database, *storage, &plugins,
                           upgradeDatabase, loadJobsFromDatabase);

#elif ORTHANC_ENABLE_PLUGINS == 0
  // The plugins are disabled

  databasePtr.reset(CreateDatabaseWrapper());
  storage.reset(CreateStorageArea());

  assert(databasePtr.get() != NULL);
  assert(storage.get() != NULL);

  return ConfigureDatabase(*databasePtr, *storage, NULL,
                           upgradeDatabase, loadJobsFromDatabase);

#else
#  error The macro ORTHANC_ENABLE_PLUGINS must be set to 0 or 1
#endif
}


static bool StartOrthanc(int argc, 
                         char* argv[],
                         bool upgradeDatabase,
                         bool loadJobsFromDatabase)
{
  return ConfigurePlugins(argc, argv, upgradeDatabase, loadJobsFromDatabase);
}


static bool SetCategoryVerbosity(const Verbosity verbosity,
                                 const std::string& category)
{
  Logging::LogCategory c;
  if (LookupCategory(c, category))
  {
    SetCategoryVerbosity(c, verbosity);
    return true;
  }
  else
  {
    return false;
  }
}


static bool DisplayPerformanceWarning()
{
  (void) DisplayPerformanceWarning;   // Disable warning about unused function
  LOG(WARNING) << "Performance warning: Non-release build, runtime debug assertions are turned on";
  return true;
}


int main(int argc, char* argv[]) 
{
  Logging::Initialize();
  SetGlobalVerbosity(Verbosity_Default);

  bool upgradeDatabase = false;
  bool loadJobsFromDatabase = true;
  const char* configurationFile = NULL;


  /**
   * Parse the command-line options.
   **/ 

  for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++)
  {
    std::string argument(argv[i]); 

    if (argument.empty())
    {
      // Ignore empty arguments
    }
    else if (argument[0] != '-')
    {
      if (configurationFile != NULL)
      {
        LOG(ERROR) << "More than one configuration path were provided on the command line, aborting";
        return -1;
      }
      else
      {
        // Use the first argument that does not start with a "-" as
        // the configuration file

        // TODO WHAT IS THE ENCODING?
        configurationFile = argv[i];
      }
    }
    else if (argument == "--errors")
    {
      PrintErrors(argv[0]);
      return 0;
    }
    else if (argument == "--help")
    {
      PrintHelp(argv[0]);
      return 0;
    }
    else if (argument == "--version")
    {
      PrintVersion(argv[0]);
      return 0;
    }
    else if (argument == "--verbose")
    {
      SetGlobalVerbosity(Verbosity_Verbose);
    }
    else if (argument == "--trace")
    {
      SetGlobalVerbosity(Verbosity_Trace);
    }
    else if (boost::starts_with(argument, "--verbose-") &&
             SetCategoryVerbosity(Verbosity_Verbose, argument.substr(10)))
    {
      // New in Orthanc 1.8.1
    }
    else if (boost::starts_with(argument, "--trace-") &&
             SetCategoryVerbosity(Verbosity_Trace, argument.substr(8)))
    {
      // New in Orthanc 1.8.1
    }
    else if (boost::starts_with(argument, "--logdir="))
    {
      // TODO WHAT IS THE ENCODING?
      const std::string directory = argument.substr(9);

      try
      {
        Logging::SetTargetFolder(directory);
      }
      catch (OrthancException&)
      {
        LOG(ERROR) << "The directory where to store the log files (" 
                   << directory << ") is inexistent, aborting.";
        return -1;
      }
    }
    else if (boost::starts_with(argument, "--logfile="))
    {
      // TODO WHAT IS THE ENCODING?
      const std::string file = argument.substr(10);

      try
      {
        Logging::SetTargetFile(file);
      }
      catch (OrthancException&)
      {
        LOG(ERROR) << "Cannot write to the specified log file (" 
                   << file << "), aborting.";
        return -1;
      }
    }
    else if (argument == "--upgrade")
    {
      upgradeDatabase = true;
    }
    else if (argument == "--no-jobs")
    {
      loadJobsFromDatabase = false;
    }
    else if (boost::starts_with(argument, "--config="))
    {
      // TODO WHAT IS THE ENCODING?
      std::string configurationSample;
      GetFileResource(configurationSample, ServerResources::CONFIGURATION_SAMPLE);

#if defined(_WIN32)
      // Replace UNIX newlines with DOS newlines 
      boost::replace_all(configurationSample, "\n", "\r\n");
#endif

      std::string target = argument.substr(9);

      try
      {
        if (target == "-")
        {
          // New in 1.5.8: Print to stdout
          std::cout << configurationSample;
        }
        else
        {
          SystemToolbox::WriteFile(configurationSample, target);
        }
        return 0;
      }
      catch (OrthancException&)
      {
        LOG(ERROR) << "Cannot write sample configuration as file \"" << target << "\"";
        return -1;
      }
    }
    else if (boost::starts_with(argument, "--openapi="))
    {
      std::string target = argument.substr(10);

      try
      {
        Json::Value openapi;

        {
          SQLiteDatabaseWrapper inMemoryDatabase;
          inMemoryDatabase.Open();
          MemoryStorageArea inMemoryStorage;
          ServerContext context(inMemoryDatabase, inMemoryStorage, true /* unit testing */, 0 /* max completed jobs */);
          OrthancRestApi restApi(context, false /* no Orthanc Explorer */);
          restApi.GenerateOpenApiDocumentation(openapi);
          context.Stop();
        }

        openapi["info"]["version"] = ORTHANC_VERSION;
        openapi["info"]["title"] = "Orthanc API";
        openapi["info"]["description"] =
          "This is the full documentation of the [REST API](https://book.orthanc-server.com/users/rest.html) "
          "of Orthanc.<p>This reference is automatically generated from the source code of Orthanc. A "
          "[shorter cheat sheet](https://book.orthanc-server.com/users/rest-cheatsheet.html) is part of "
          "the Orthanc Book.<p>An earlier, manually crafted version from August 2019, is [still available]"
          "(2019-08-orthanc-openapi.html), but is not up-to-date anymore ([source]"
          "(https://groups.google.com/g/orthanc-users/c/NUiJTEICSl8/m/xKeqMrbqAAAJ)).";

        Json::Value server = Json::objectValue;
        server["url"] = "https://demo.orthanc-server.com/";
        openapi["servers"].append(server);
        
        std::string s;
        Toolbox::WriteStyledJson(s, openapi);

        if (target == "-")
        {
          std::cout << s;   // Print to stdout
        }
        else
        {
          SystemToolbox::WriteFile(s, target);
        }
        return 0;
      }
      catch (OrthancException&)
      {
        LOG(ERROR) << "Cannot export OpenAPI documentation as file \"" << target << "\"";
        return -1;
      }
    }
    else if (boost::starts_with(argument, "--cheatsheet="))
    {
      std::string target = argument.substr(13);

      try
      {
        std::string cheatsheet;

        {
          SQLiteDatabaseWrapper inMemoryDatabase;
          inMemoryDatabase.Open();
          MemoryStorageArea inMemoryStorage;
          ServerContext context(inMemoryDatabase, inMemoryStorage, true /* unit testing */, 0 /* max completed jobs */);
          OrthancRestApi restApi(context, false /* no Orthanc Explorer */);
          restApi.GenerateReStructuredTextCheatSheet(cheatsheet, "https://api.orthanc-server.com/index.html");
          context.Stop();
        }

        if (target == "-")
        {
          std::cout << cheatsheet;   // Print to stdout
        }
        else
        {
          SystemToolbox::WriteFile(cheatsheet, target);
        }
        return 0;
      }
      catch (OrthancException&)
      {
        LOG(ERROR) << "Cannot export REST cheat sheet as file \"" << target << "\"";
        return -1;
      }
    }
    else
    {
      LOG(WARNING) << "Option unsupported by the core of Orthanc: " << argument;
    }
  }


  /**
   * Launch Orthanc.
   **/

  {
    std::string version(ORTHANC_VERSION);

    if (std::string(ORTHANC_VERSION) == "mainline")
    {
      try
      {
        boost::filesystem::path exe(SystemToolbox::GetPathToExecutable());
        std::time_t creation = boost::filesystem::last_write_time(exe);
        boost::posix_time::ptime converted(boost::posix_time::from_time_t(creation));
        version += " (" + boost::posix_time::to_iso_string(converted) + ")";
      }
      catch (...)
      {
      }
    }

    LOG(WARNING) << "Orthanc version: " << version;
    assert(DisplayPerformanceWarning());

    std::string s = "Architecture: ";
    if (sizeof(void*) == 4)
    {
      s += "32-bit, ";
    }
    else if (sizeof(void*) == 8)
    {
      s += "64-bit, ";
    }
    else
    {
      s += "unsupported pointer size, ";
    }

    switch (Toolbox::DetectEndianness())
    {
      case Endianness_Little:
        s += "little endian";
        break;
      
      case Endianness_Big:
        s += "big endian";
        break;
      
      default:
        s += "unsupported endianness";
        break;
    }
    
    LOG(INFO) << s;
  }

  int status = 0;
  try
  {
    for (;;)
    {
      OrthancInitialize(configurationFile);

      bool restart = StartOrthanc(argc, argv, upgradeDatabase, loadJobsFromDatabase);
      if (restart)
      {
        OrthancFinalize();
        LOG(WARNING) << "Logging system is resetting";
        Logging::Reset();
      }
      else
      {
        break;
      }
    }
  }
  catch (const OrthancException& e)
  {
    LOG(ERROR) << "Uncaught exception, stopping now: [" << e.What() << "] (code " << e.GetErrorCode() << ")";
#if defined(_WIN32)
    if (e.GetErrorCode() >= ErrorCode_START_PLUGINS)
    {
      status = static_cast<int>(ErrorCode_Plugin);
    }
    else
    {
      status = static_cast<int>(e.GetErrorCode());
    }

#else
    status = -1;
#endif
  }
  catch (const std::exception& e) 
  {
    LOG(ERROR) << "Uncaught exception, stopping now: [" << e.what() << "]";
    status = -1;
  }
  catch (const std::string& s) 
  {
    LOG(ERROR) << "Uncaught exception, stopping now: [" << s << "]";
    status = -1;
  }
  catch (...)
  {
    LOG(ERROR) << "Native exception, stopping now. Check your plugins, if any.";
    status = -1;
  }

  LOG(WARNING) << "Orthanc has stopped";

  OrthancFinalize();

  return status;
}