/**
 * Orthanc - A Lightweight, RESTful DICOM Store
 * Copyright (C) 2012-2016 Sebastien Jodogne, Medical Physics
 * Department, University Hospital of Liege, Belgium
 * Copyright (C) 2017-2019 Osimis S.A., Belgium
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of
 * the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Affero General Public License for more details.
 * 
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 **/


#include "Configuration.h"

#include "DicomWebServers.h"

#include <Plugins/Samples/Common/OrthancPluginCppWrapper.h>
#include <Core/Toolbox.h>

#include <fstream>
#include <json/reader.h>
#include <boost/regex.hpp>
#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
#include <boost/algorithm/string/predicate.hpp>


namespace OrthancPlugins
{
  bool LookupHttpHeader(std::string& value,
                        const OrthancPluginHttpRequest* request,
                        const std::string& header)
  {
    value.clear();

    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < request->headersCount; i++)
    {
      std::string s = request->headersKeys[i];
      Orthanc::Toolbox::ToLowerCase(s);
      if (s == header)
      {
        value = request->headersValues[i];
        return true;
      }
    }

    return false;
  }


  void ParseContentType(std::string& application,
                        std::map<std::string, std::string>& attributes,
                        const std::string& header)
  {
    application.clear();
    attributes.clear();

    std::vector<std::string> tokens;
    Orthanc::Toolbox::TokenizeString(tokens, header, ';');

    assert(tokens.size() > 0);
    application = tokens[0];
    Orthanc::Toolbox::StripSpaces(application);
    Orthanc::Toolbox::ToLowerCase(application);

    boost::regex pattern("\\s*([^=]+)\\s*=\\s*(([^=\"]+)|\"([^=\"]+)\")\\s*");
    
    for (size_t i = 1; i < tokens.size(); i++)
    {
      boost::cmatch what;
      if (boost::regex_match(tokens[i].c_str(), what, pattern))
      {
        std::string key(what[1]);
        std::string value(what.length(3) != 0 ? what[3] : what[4]);
        Orthanc::Toolbox::ToLowerCase(key);
        attributes[key] = value;
      }
    }
  }


  static const boost::regex MULTIPART_HEADERS_ENDING("(.*?\r\n)\r\n(.*)");
  static const boost::regex MULTIPART_HEADERS_LINE(".*?\r\n");

  static void ParseMultipartHeaders(bool& hasLength /* out */,
                                    size_t& length /* out */,
                                    std::string& contentType /* out */,
                                    const char* startHeaders,
                                    const char* endHeaders)
  {
    hasLength = false;
    contentType = "application/octet-stream";

    // Loop over the HTTP headers of this multipart item
    boost::cregex_token_iterator it(startHeaders, endHeaders, MULTIPART_HEADERS_LINE, 0);
    boost::cregex_token_iterator iteratorEnd;

    for (; it != iteratorEnd; ++it)
    {
      const std::string line(*it);
      size_t colon = line.find(':');
      size_t eol = line.find('\r');

      if (colon != std::string::npos &&
          eol != std::string::npos &&
          colon < eol &&
          eol + 2 == line.length())
      {
        std::string key = Orthanc::Toolbox::StripSpaces(line.substr(0, colon));
        Orthanc::Toolbox::ToLowerCase(key);

        const std::string value = Orthanc::Toolbox::StripSpaces(line.substr(colon + 1, eol - colon - 1));

        if (key == "content-length")
        {
          try
          {
            int tmp = boost::lexical_cast<int>(value);
            if (tmp >= 0)
            {
              hasLength = true;
              length = tmp;
            }
          }
          catch (boost::bad_lexical_cast&)
          {
            LogWarning("Unable to parse the Content-Length of a multipart item");
          }
        }
        else if (key == "content-type")
        {
          contentType = value;
        }
      }
    }
  }


  static const char* ParseMultipartItem(std::vector<MultipartItem>& result,
                                        const char* start,
                                        const char* end,
                                        const boost::regex& nextSeparator)
  {
    // Just before "start", it is guaranteed that "--[BOUNDARY]\r\n" is present

    boost::cmatch what;
    if (!boost::regex_match(start, end, what, MULTIPART_HEADERS_ENDING, boost::match_perl))
    {
      // Cannot find the HTTP headers of this multipart item
      throw Orthanc::OrthancException(Orthanc::ErrorCode_NetworkProtocol);
    }

    // Some aliases for more clarity
    assert(what[1].first == start);
    const char* startHeaders = what[1].first;
    const char* endHeaders = what[1].second;
    const char* startBody = what[2].first;

    bool hasLength;
    size_t length;
    std::string contentType;
    ParseMultipartHeaders(hasLength, length, contentType, startHeaders, endHeaders);

    boost::cmatch separator;

    if (hasLength)
    {
      if (!boost::regex_match(startBody + length, end, separator, nextSeparator, boost::match_perl) ||
          startBody + length != separator[1].first)
      {
        // Cannot find the separator after skipping the "Content-Length" bytes
        throw Orthanc::OrthancException(Orthanc::ErrorCode_NetworkProtocol);
      }
    }
    else
    {
      if (!boost::regex_match(startBody, end, separator, nextSeparator, boost::match_perl))
      {
        // No more occurrence of the boundary separator
        throw Orthanc::OrthancException(Orthanc::ErrorCode_NetworkProtocol);
      }
    }

    MultipartItem item;
    item.data_ = startBody;
    item.size_ = separator[1].first - startBody;
    item.contentType_ = contentType;
    result.push_back(item);

    return separator[1].second;  // Return the end of the separator
  }


  void ParseMultipartBody(std::vector<MultipartItem>& result,
                          const void* body,
                          const uint64_t bodySize,
                          const std::string& boundary)
  {
    // Reference:
    // https://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc1341/7_2_Multipart.html

    result.clear();

    // Look for the first boundary separator in the body (note the "?"
    // to request non-greedy search)
    const boost::regex firstSeparator1("--" + boundary + "(--|\r\n).*");
    const boost::regex firstSeparator2(".*?\r\n--" + boundary + "(--|\r\n).*");

    // Look for the next boundary separator in the body (note the "?"
    // to request non-greedy search)
    const boost::regex nextSeparator(".*?(\r\n--" + boundary + ").*");

    const char* start = reinterpret_cast<const char*>(body);
    const char* end = reinterpret_cast<const char*>(body) + bodySize;

    boost::cmatch what;
    if (boost::regex_match(start, end, what, firstSeparator1, boost::match_perl | boost::match_single_line) ||
        boost::regex_match(start, end, what, firstSeparator2, boost::match_perl | boost::match_single_line))
    {
      const char* current = what[1].first;

      while (current != NULL &&
             current + 2 < end)
      {
        if (current[0] != '\r' ||
            current[1] != '\n')
        {
          // We reached a separator with a trailing "--", which
          // means that reading the multipart body is done
          break;
        }
        else
        {
          current = ParseMultipartItem(result, current + 2, end, nextSeparator);
        }
      }
    }
  }


  void ParseAssociativeArray(std::map<std::string, std::string>& target,
                             const Json::Value& value)
  {
    if (value.type() != Json::objectValue)
    {
      throw Orthanc::OrthancException(Orthanc::ErrorCode_BadFileFormat,
                                      "This is not a JSON object");
    }

    if (value.type() != Json::objectValue)
    {
      throw Orthanc::OrthancException(Orthanc::ErrorCode_BadFileFormat,
                                      "The JSON object is not a JSON associative array as expected");
    }

    Json::Value::Members names = value.getMemberNames();

    for (size_t i = 0; i < names.size(); i++)
    {
      if (value[names[i]].type() != Json::stringValue)
      {
        throw Orthanc::OrthancException(Orthanc::ErrorCode_BadFileFormat,
                                        "Value \"" + names[i] + "\" in the associative array "
                                        "is not a string as expected");
      }
      else
      {
        target[names[i]] = value[names[i]].asString();
      }
    }
  }
  

  void ParseAssociativeArray(std::map<std::string, std::string>& target,
                             const Json::Value& value,
                             const std::string& key)
  {
    if (value.type() != Json::objectValue)
    {
      throw Orthanc::OrthancException(Orthanc::ErrorCode_BadFileFormat,
                                      "This is not a JSON object");
    }

    if (value.isMember(key))
    {
      ParseAssociativeArray(target, value[key]);
    }
    else
    {
      target.clear();
    }
  }


  bool ParseTag(Orthanc::DicomTag& target,
                const std::string& name)
  {
    OrthancPluginDictionaryEntry entry;
    
    if (OrthancPluginLookupDictionary(OrthancPlugins::GetGlobalContext(), &entry, name.c_str()) == OrthancPluginErrorCode_Success)
    {
      target = Orthanc::DicomTag(entry.group, entry.element);
      return true;
    }
    else
    {
      return false;
    }
  }


  void ParseJsonBody(Json::Value& target,
                     const OrthancPluginHttpRequest* request)
  {
    Json::Reader reader;
    if (!reader.parse(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(request->body),
                      reinterpret_cast<const char*>(request->body) + request->bodySize, target))
    {
      throw Orthanc::OrthancException(Orthanc::ErrorCode_BadFileFormat,
                                      "A JSON file was expected");
    }
  }


  std::string RemoveMultipleSlashes(const std::string& source)
  {
    std::string target;
    target.reserve(source.size());

    size_t prefix = 0;
  
    if (boost::starts_with(source, "https://"))
    {
      prefix = 8;
    }
    else if (boost::starts_with(source, "http://"))
    {
      prefix = 7;
    }

    for (size_t i = 0; i < prefix; i++)
    {
      target.push_back(source[i]);
    }

    bool isLastSlash = false;

    for (size_t i = prefix; i < source.size(); i++)
    {
      if (source[i] == '/')
      {
        if (!isLastSlash)
        {
          target.push_back('/');
          isLastSlash = true;
        }
      }
      else
      {
        target.push_back(source[i]);
        isLastSlash = false;
      }
    }

    return target;
  }


  namespace Configuration
  {
    // Assume Latin-1 encoding by default (as in the Orthanc core)
    static Orthanc::Encoding defaultEncoding_ = Orthanc::Encoding_Latin1;
    static std::auto_ptr<OrthancConfiguration> configuration_;


    void Initialize()
    {
      configuration_.reset(new OrthancConfiguration);
      
      OrthancPlugins::OrthancConfiguration global;
      global.GetSection(*configuration_, "DicomWeb");

      std::string s;
      if (global.LookupStringValue(s, "DefaultEncoding"))
      {
        defaultEncoding_ = Orthanc::StringToEncoding(s.c_str());
      }

      OrthancPlugins::OrthancConfiguration servers;
      configuration_->GetSection(servers, "Servers");
      OrthancPlugins::DicomWebServers::GetInstance().Load(servers.GetJson());
    }


    std::string GetStringValue(const std::string& key,
                               const std::string& defaultValue)
    {
      assert(configuration_.get() != NULL);
      return configuration_->GetStringValue(key, defaultValue);
    }


    bool GetBooleanValue(const std::string& key,
                         bool defaultValue)
    {
      assert(configuration_.get() != NULL);
      return configuration_->GetBooleanValue(key, defaultValue);
    }


    unsigned int GetUnsignedIntegerValue(const std::string& key,
                                         unsigned int defaultValue)
    {
      assert(configuration_.get() != NULL);
      return configuration_->GetUnsignedIntegerValue(key, defaultValue);
    }


    std::string GetDicomWebRoot()
    {
      assert(configuration_.get() != NULL);
      std::string root = configuration_->GetStringValue("Root", "/dicom-web/");

      // Make sure the root URI starts and ends with a slash
      if (root.size() == 0 ||
          root[0] != '/')
      {
        root = "/" + root;
      }
    
      if (root[root.length() - 1] != '/')
      {
        root += "/";
      }

      return root;
    }

    
    std::string GetOrthancApiRoot()
    {
      std::string root = OrthancPlugins::Configuration::GetDicomWebRoot();
      std::vector<std::string> tokens;
      Orthanc::Toolbox::TokenizeString(tokens, root, '/');

      int depth = 0;
      for (size_t i = 0; i < tokens.size(); i++)
      {
        if (tokens[i].empty() ||
            tokens[i] == ".")
        {
          // Don't change the depth
        }
        else if (tokens[i] == "..")
        {
          depth--;
        }
        else
        {
          depth++;
        }
      }

      std::string orthancRoot = "./";
      for (int i = 0; i < depth; i++)
      {
        orthancRoot += "../";
      }

      return orthancRoot;
    }


    std::string GetWadoRoot()
    {
      assert(configuration_.get() != NULL);
      std::string root = configuration_->GetStringValue("WadoRoot", "/wado/");

      // Make sure the root URI starts with a slash
      if (root.size() == 0 ||
          root[0] != '/')
      {
        root = "/" + root;
      }

      // Remove the trailing slash, if any
      if (root[root.length() - 1] == '/')
      {
        root = root.substr(0, root.length() - 1);
      }

      return root;
    }


    static bool IsHttpsProto(const std::string& proto,
                             bool defaultValue)
    {
      if (proto == "http")
      {
        return false;
      }
      else if (proto == "https")
      {
        return true;
      }
      else
      {
        return defaultValue;
      }
    }


    static bool LookupHttpHeader2(std::string& value,
                                  const OrthancPlugins::HttpClient::HttpHeaders& headers,
                                  const std::string& name)
    {
      for (OrthancPlugins::HttpClient::HttpHeaders::const_iterator
             it = headers.begin(); it != headers.end(); ++it)
      {
        if (boost::iequals(it->first, name))
        {
          value = it->second;
          return false;
        }
      }

      return false;
    }


    std::string GetBaseUrl(const OrthancPlugins::HttpClient::HttpHeaders& headers)
    {
      assert(configuration_.get() != NULL);
      std::string host = configuration_->GetStringValue("Host", "");
      bool https = configuration_->GetBooleanValue("Ssl", false);

      std::string forwarded;
      if (host.empty() &&
          LookupHttpHeader2(forwarded, headers, "forwarded"))
      {
        // There is a "Forwarded" HTTP header in the query
        // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Forwarded
        
        std::vector<std::string> forwarders;
        Orthanc::Toolbox::TokenizeString(forwarders, forwarded, ',');

        // Only consider the first forwarder, if any
        if (!forwarders.empty())
        {
          std::vector<std::string> tokens;
          Orthanc::Toolbox::TokenizeString(tokens, forwarders[0], ';');

          for (size_t j = 0; j < tokens.size(); j++)
          {
            std::vector<std::string> args;
            Orthanc::Toolbox::TokenizeString(args, tokens[j], '=');
            
            if (args.size() == 2)
            {
              std::string key = Orthanc::Toolbox::StripSpaces(args[0]);
              std::string value = Orthanc::Toolbox::StripSpaces(args[1]);

              Orthanc::Toolbox::ToLowerCase(key);
              if (key == "host")
              {
                host = value;
              }
              else if (key == "proto")
              {
                https = IsHttpsProto(value, https);
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }

      if (host.empty() &&
          !LookupHttpHeader2(host, headers, "host"))
      {
        // Should never happen: The "host" header should always be present
        // in HTTP requests. Provide a default value anyway.
        host = "localhost:8042";
      }

      return (https ? "https://" : "http://") + host + GetDicomWebRoot();
    }


    std::string GetBaseUrl(const OrthancPluginHttpRequest* request)
    {
      OrthancPlugins::HttpClient::HttpHeaders headers;

      std::string value;
      if (LookupHttpHeader(value, request, "forwarded"))
      {
        headers["Forwarded"] = value;
      }

      if (LookupHttpHeader(value, request, "host"))
      {
        headers["Host"] = value;
      }

      return GetBaseUrl(headers);
    }


    std::string GetWadoUrl(const std::string& wadoBase,
                           const std::string& studyInstanceUid,
                           const std::string& seriesInstanceUid,
                           const std::string& sopInstanceUid)
    {
      if (studyInstanceUid.empty() ||
          seriesInstanceUid.empty() ||
          sopInstanceUid.empty())
      {
        return "";
      }
      else
      {
        return (wadoBase + 
                "studies/" + studyInstanceUid + 
                "/series/" + seriesInstanceUid + 
                "/instances/" + sopInstanceUid + "/");
      }
    }


    Orthanc::Encoding GetDefaultEncoding()
    {
      return defaultEncoding_;
    }


    static bool IsXmlExpected(const std::string& acceptHeader)
    {
      std::string accept;
      Orthanc::Toolbox::ToLowerCase(accept, acceptHeader);
  
      if (accept == "application/dicom+json" ||
          accept == "application/json" ||
          accept == "*/*")
      {
        return false;
      }
      else if (accept == "application/dicom+xml" ||
               accept == "application/xml" ||
               accept == "text/xml")
      {
        return true;
      }
      else
      {
        OrthancPlugins::LogError("Unsupported return MIME type: " + accept +
                                 ", will return DICOM+JSON");
        return false;
      }
    }


    bool IsXmlExpected(const std::map<std::string, std::string>& headers)
    {
      std::map<std::string, std::string>::const_iterator found = headers.find("accept");

      if (found == headers.end())
      {
        return false;   // By default, return DICOM+JSON
      }
      else
      {
        return IsXmlExpected(found->second);
      }
    }


    bool IsXmlExpected(const OrthancPluginHttpRequest* request)
    {
      std::string accept;

      if (OrthancPlugins::LookupHttpHeader(accept, request, "accept"))
      {
        return IsXmlExpected(accept);
      }
      else
      {
        return false;   // By default, return DICOM+JSON
      }
    }
  }
}