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annotate Sphinx/source/plugins/postgresql.rst @ 723:e5a78783383f
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| author | Sebastien Jodogne <s.jodogne@gmail.com> |
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| date | Thu, 24 Jun 2021 15:07:00 +0200 |
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| 24 | 1 .. _postgresql: |
| 2 | |
| 3 | |
| 4 PostgreSQL plugins | |
| 5 ================== | |
| 6 | |
| 27 | 7 .. contents:: |
| 8 | |
| 9 The Orthanc project provides two **official** plugins to replace the | |
| 10 default storage area (on the filesystem) and the default SQLite index | |
| 11 by a PostgreSQL database. | |
| 12 | |
| 13 For general information, check out the `official homepage of the | |
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14 plugins <https://www.orthanc-server.com/static.php?page=postgresql>`__. |
| 27 | 15 |
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16 For information about scalability, make sure to read the section about |
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17 :ref:`multiple writers in large-scale deployments <multiple-writers>`. |
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18 |
| 27 | 19 |
| 20 | |
| 21 Compilation | |
| 22 ----------- | |
| 23 | |
| 128 | 24 Static linking |
| 25 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ | |
| 26 | |
| 27 | 27 .. highlight:: text |
| 28 | |
| 154 | 29 The procedure to compile these plugins is similar to that for the |
| 27 | 30 :ref:`core of Orthanc <compiling>`. The following commands should work |
| 154 | 31 for most UNIX-like distribution (including GNU/Linux):: |
| 27 | 32 |
| 154 | 33 $ mkdir BuildPostgreSQL |
| 34 $ cd BuildPostgreSQL | |
| 35 $ cmake ../PostgreSQL -DSTATIC_BUILD=ON -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release | |
| 27 | 36 $ make |
| 37 | |
| 38 The compilation will produce 2 shared libraries, each containing one plugin for Orthanc: | |
| 39 | |
| 40 * ``OrthancPostgreSQLIndex`` replaces the default SQLite index of Orthanc by PostgreSQL. | |
| 41 * ``OrthancPostgreSQLStorage`` makes Orthanc store the DICOM files it receives into PostgreSQL. | |
| 42 | |
| 128 | 43 |
| 44 Microsoft Windows and Apple OS X | |
| 45 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ | |
| 46 | |
| 28 | 47 Pre-compiled binaries for Microsoft Windows `are also available |
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48 <https://www.orthanc-server.com/browse.php?path=/plugin-postgresql>`__. |
| 30 | 49 A package for `Apple's Mac OS X |
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50 <https://www.osimis.io/en/download.html>`__ |
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51 is available courtesy of `Osimis <https://www.osimis.io/>`__. |
| 27 | 52 |
| 53 | |
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54 .. _postgresql-ubuntu1604: |
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55 |
| 128 | 56 Dynamic linking on Ubuntu 16.04 |
| 57 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ | |
| 58 | |
| 59 .. highlight:: text | |
| 60 | |
| 61 If static linking is not desired, here are build instructions for | |
| 62 Ubuntu 16.04 (provided build dependencies for the :ref:`core of | |
| 63 Orthanc <compiling>` have already been installed):: | |
| 64 | |
| 65 $ sudo apt-get install libpq-dev postgresql-server-dev-all | |
| 154 | 66 $ mkdir BuildPostgreSQL |
| 67 $ cd BuildPostgreSQL | |
| 68 $ cmake ../PostgreSQL -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \ | |
| 69 -DALLOW_DOWNLOADS=ON \ | |
| 70 -DUSE_SYSTEM_GOOGLE_TEST=OFF \ | |
| 71 -DUSE_SYSTEM_ORTHANC_SDK=OFF | |
| 128 | 72 $ make |
| 73 | |
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74 |
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75 .. _postgresql-cmake: |
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76 |
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77 Dynamic linking on other GNU/Linux distributions |
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78 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ |
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79 |
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80 .. highlight:: text |
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81 |
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82 The build instructions should always be very similar to those for |
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83 :ref:`Ubuntu 16.04 <postgresql-ubuntu1604>`. One difficulty that could |
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84 however arise is that it is possible that the CMake environment that |
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85 is shipped with the GNU/Linux distribution cannot locate a recent |
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86 version of the development headers for PostgreSQL. This leads to an |
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87 error while invoking CMake that looks like:: |
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88 |
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89 -- Could NOT find PostgreSQL (missing: PostgreSQL_TYPE_INCLUDE_DIR) |
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90 |
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91 In such a situation, please add your version of PostgreSQL to the |
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92 macro ``PostgreSQL_ADDITIONAL_VERSIONS`` that is defined at the end of |
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93 the `Resources/CMake/PostgreSQLConfiguration.cmake file |
| 449 | 94 <https://hg.orthanc-server.com/orthanc-databases/file/default/Resources/CMake/PostgreSQLConfiguration.cmake>`__ |
| 361 | 95 in the sources of the project. |
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96 |
| 128 | 97 |
| 27 | 98 Usage |
| 99 ----- | |
| 100 | |
| 101 .. highlight:: json | |
| 102 | |
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103 You of course first have to :ref:`install Orthanc <binaries>`, with a |
| 154 | 104 version above 0.9.5. You then have to **create a database** dedicated |
| 28 | 105 to Orthanc on some PostgreSQL server. Please refer to the `PostgreSQL |
| 106 documentation | |
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107 <https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/tutorial-createdb.html>`__. |
| 27 | 108 |
| 109 Once Orthanc is installed and the database is created, you must add a | |
| 110 section in the :ref:`configuration file <configuration>` that | |
| 111 specifies the address of the **PostgreSQL server together with your | |
| 112 credentials**. You also have to tell Orthanc in which path it can find | |
| 113 the plugins: This is done by properly modifying the ``Plugins`` | |
| 114 option. You could for instance adapt the following configuration | |
| 115 file:: | |
| 116 | |
| 117 { | |
| 118 "Name" : "MyOrthanc", | |
| 119 "PostgreSQL" : { | |
| 120 "EnableIndex" : true, | |
| 121 "EnableStorage" : true, | |
| 122 "Host" : "localhost", | |
| 123 "Port" : 5432, | |
| 124 "Database" : "orthanc", | |
| 125 "Username" : "orthanc", | |
| 181 | 126 "Password" : "orthanc", |
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127 "EnableSsl" : false, // New in release 3.0 |
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128 "MaximumConnectionRetries" : 10, // New in release 3.0 |
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129 "ConnectionRetryInterval" : 5, // New in release 3.0 |
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130 "IndexConnectionsCount" : 1 // New in release 4.0 |
| 27 | 131 }, |
| 132 "Plugins" : [ | |
| 154 | 133 "/home/user/orthanc-databases/BuildPostgreSQL/libOrthancPostgreSQLIndex.so", |
| 134 "/home/user/orthanc-databases/BuildPostgreSQL/libOrthancPostgreSQLStorage.so" | |
| 27 | 135 ] |
| 136 } | |
| 137 | |
| 154 | 138 **Important:** The ``EnableIndex`` and ``EnableStorage`` options must |
| 139 be explicitly set to ``true``, otherwise Orthanc will continue to use | |
| 140 its default SQLite back-end and the filesystem storage area. | |
| 27 | 141 |
| 181 | 142 **Remark 1:** When using the ``Storage`` PostgreSQL plugin, the DICOM |
| 154 | 143 files are stored as large objects in the database. This might |
| 144 actually consume more space than the DICOM file itself. We have | |
| 145 observed overhead up to 40%. However, it seems this overhead is | |
| 146 temporary and comes from Write-Ahead Logging. Check this `discussion | |
| 147 <https://groups.google.com/d/msg/orthanc-users/pPzHOpb--iw/QkKZ808gIgAJ>`__ | |
| 148 on the Orthanc Users group for more info). | |
| 118 | 149 |
| 181 | 150 **Remark 2:** A typical usage of the PostgreSQL plugin is to enable |
| 151 only the ``Index``, and to use the default filesystem storage for | |
| 152 DICOM files (on a NAS with proper disaster recovery strategies). This | |
| 153 setup provides best performance for large-scale databases. | |
| 154 | |
| 155 **Remark 3:** Setting the ``EnableSsl`` to ``true`` forces the use of | |
| 156 `SSL connections | |
| 157 <https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/libpq-ssl.html>`__ between | |
| 158 Orthanc and the PostgreSQL server. It is a synonym for | |
| 159 ``sslmode=require`` in connections URI (see below). Setting | |
| 160 ``EnableSsl`` to ``false`` corresponds to ``sslmode=disable`` | |
| 161 (i.e. SSL is not used, even if it is both available in Orthanc and | |
| 162 PostgreSQL). To choose other values for the SSL mode (i.e. ``allow`` | |
| 163 and ``prefer``), please use connection URIs. | |
| 118 | 164 |
| 165 | |
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166 |
| 27 | 167 .. highlight:: text |
| 168 | |
| 169 Orthanc must of course be **restarted** after the modification of its | |
| 170 configuration file. The log will contain an output similar to:: | |
| 171 | |
| 172 $ ./Orthanc Configuration.json | |
| 173 W0212 16:30:34.576972 11285 main.cpp:632] Orthanc version: 0.8.6 | |
| 174 W0212 16:30:34.577386 11285 OrthancInitialization.cpp:80] Using the configuration from: Configuration.json | |
| 175 [...] | |
| 154 | 176 W0212 16:30:34.598053 11285 main.cpp:379] Registering a plugin from: /home/jodogne/Subversion/orthanc-databases/BuildPostgreSQL/libOrthancPostgreSQLIndex.so |
| 27 | 177 W0212 16:30:34.598470 11285 PluginsManager.cpp:258] Registering plugin 'postgresql-index' (version 1.0) |
| 178 W0212 16:30:34.598491 11285 PluginsManager.cpp:148] Using PostgreSQL index | |
| 154 | 179 W0212 16:30:34.608289 11285 main.cpp:379] Registering a plugin from: /home/jodogne/Subversion/orthanc-databases/BuildPostgreSQL/libOrthancPostgreSQLStorage.so |
| 27 | 180 W0212 16:30:34.608916 11285 PluginsManager.cpp:258] Registering plugin 'postgresql-storage' (version 1.0) |
| 181 W0212 16:30:34.608947 11285 PluginsManager.cpp:148] Using PostgreSQL storage area | |
| 182 [...] | |
| 183 W0212 16:30:34.674648 11285 main.cpp:530] Orthanc has started | |
| 184 | |
| 185 | |
| 186 .. highlight:: json | |
| 187 | |
| 188 Instead of specifying explicit authentication parameters, you can also | |
| 189 use the `PostgreSQL connection URIs syntax | |
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190 <https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-CONNSTRING>`__. For |
| 27 | 191 instance:: |
| 192 | |
| 193 { | |
| 194 "Name" : "MyOrthanc", | |
| 195 "PostgreSQL" : { | |
| 196 "EnableIndex" : true, | |
| 197 "EnableStorage" : true, | |
| 181 | 198 "ConnectionUri" : "postgresql://username:password@localhost:5432/database?sslmode=prefer" |
| 27 | 199 }, |
| 200 "Plugins" : [ | |
| 154 | 201 "/home/user/orthanc-databases/BuildPostgreSQL/libOrthancPostgreSQLIndex.so", |
| 202 "/home/user/orthanc-databases/BuildPostgreSQL/libOrthancPostgreSQLStorage.so" | |
| 27 | 203 ] |
| 204 } | |
| 205 | |
| 206 | |
| 207 **Remark:** The Debian Med project maintains `another useful set of | |
| 208 instructions | |
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209 <https://salsa.debian.org/med-team/orthanc-postgresql/-/blob/master/debian/README.Debian>`__. |
| 27 | 210 |
| 211 | |
| 212 Advanced options | |
| 213 ---------------- | |
| 214 | |
| 215 Several advanced options are available as well to fine-tune the | |
| 216 configuration of the PostgreSQL plugins. They are documented below. | |
| 217 | |
| 218 | |
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219 .. _postgresql-multiple-writers: |
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220 |
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221 Multiple writers or connections |
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222 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ |
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223 |
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224 Starting with Orthanc 1.9.2 and PostgreSQL 4.0, it is possible to use |
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225 :ref:`multiple writers or connections in large-scale deployments |
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226 <multiple-writers>`. Here is the list of configuration that control |
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227 this behavior: |
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228 |
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229 * ``Lock`` must be set to ``false`` (cf. :ref:`below <postgresql-lock>`) |
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230 |
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231 * ``MaximumConnectionRetries`` governs how many times Orthanc tries to |
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232 connect to the database, as well as how many times Orthanc replays |
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233 transactions to deal with collisions between multiple writers. |
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234 |
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235 * ``IndexConnectionsCount`` controls the number of connections from |
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236 the index plugin to the PostgreSQL database. It is set to ``1`` by |
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237 default, which corresponds to the old behavior of Orthanc <= 1.9.1. |
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238 |
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239 * ``ConnectionRetryInterval`` is only used when opening one database |
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240 connection to PostgreSQL. |
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241 |
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242 * The PostgreSQL plugin supports the :ref:`revision mechanism |
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243 <revisions>` to protect metadata and attachments from concurrent |
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244 modifications. |
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245 |
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246 |
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247 |
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248 .. _postgresql-lock: |
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249 |
| 27 | 250 Locking |
| 251 ^^^^^^^ | |
| 252 | |
| 253 .. highlight:: json | |
| 254 | |
| 255 By default, the plugins lock the database (using `PostgreSQL advisory | |
| 256 locks | |
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257 <https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADVISORY-LOCKS>`__) |
| 27 | 258 to prevent other instances of Orthanc from using the same PostgreSQL |
| 259 database. If you want several instances of Orthanc to share the same | |
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260 database or if you need multiple connections to the PostgreSQL |
| 27 | 261 database, set the ``Lock`` option to ``false`` in the configuration |
| 262 file:: | |
| 263 | |
| 264 { | |
| 265 "Name" : "MyOrthanc", | |
| 266 "PostgreSQL" : { | |
| 267 "EnableIndex" : true, | |
| 268 "EnableStorage" : true, | |
| 269 "Lock" : false, | |
| 270 "ConnectionUri" : "postgresql://username:password@localhost:5432/database" | |
| 271 }, | |
| 272 "Plugins" : [ | |
| 154 | 273 "/home/user/orthanc-databases/BuildPostgreSQL/libOrthancPostgreSQLIndex.so", |
| 274 "/home/user/orthanc-databases/BuildPostgreSQL/libOrthancPostgreSQLStorage.so" | |
| 27 | 275 ] |
| 276 } | |
| 277 | |
| 278 Obviously, one must be very cautious when sharing the same database | |
| 279 between instances of Orthanc. In particular, all these instances | |
| 280 should share the same configuration. | |
| 281 | |
| 282 | |
| 283 Keep-alive | |
| 284 ^^^^^^^^^^ | |
| 285 | |
| 286 .. highlight:: text | |
| 287 | |
| 288 After some period of inactivity (users have reported 10 hours), you | |
| 289 might `experience an error | |
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290 <https://bugs.orthanc-server.com/show_bug.cgi?id=15>`__ such as:: |
| 27 | 291 |
| 292 E0220 03:20:51.562601 PluginsManager.cpp:163] Exception in database back-end: Error in PostgreSQL: server closed the connection unexpectedly. | |
| 293 This probably means the server terminated abnormally before or while processing the request. | |
| 294 E0220 06:51:03.924868 PluginsManager.cpp:163] Exception in database back-end: Error in PostgreSQL: no connection to the server | |
| 295 | |
| 296 This is due to a timeout in the PostgreSQL server. Please make sure to | |
| 297 `enable keep-alive | |
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298 <https://dba.stackexchange.com/questions/97534/is-there-a-timeout-option-for-remote-access-to-postgresql-database>`__ |
| 27 | 299 in the configuration of your PostgreSQL server |
| 438 | 300 |
| 301 | |
| 302 Scalability | |
| 303 ^^^^^^^^^^^ | |
| 304 | |
| 305 When configuring your PostgreSQL plugin, ensure you've read the :ref:`scalability section | |
| 306 <scalability>` | |
| 531 | 307 |
| 308 | |
| 309 Troubleshooting | |
| 310 --------------- | |
| 311 | |
| 312 SCRAM authentication | |
| 313 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ | |
| 314 | |
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315 .. note:: This section only applies to releases <= 3.2 of the |
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316 PostgreSQL plugins. Starting with release 3.3, the plugins |
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317 use a version of libpq that should support SCRAM |
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318 authentication. |
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319 |
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320 In the releases 3.2 of the PostgreSQL plugins, the precompiled |
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321 binaries use an old, but stable version of the PostgreSQL client |
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322 (libpq 9.6.1). This makes these binaries very portable, however they |
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323 might not be compatible with more recent features of PostgreSQL. |
| 531 | 324 |
| 325 In particular, the precompiled binaries are not compatible with `SCRAM | |
| 326 authentication | |
| 327 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salted_Challenge_Response_Authentication_Mechanism>`__ | |
| 328 that is available since PostgreSQL 10. If you get the error ``psql: | |
| 329 authentication method 10 not supported``, this indicates that the | |
| 330 PostgreSQL plugins cannot connect to a PostgreSQL server because SCRAM | |
| 331 is enabled. | |
| 332 | |
| 333 `Ian Smith | |
| 334 <https://groups.google.com/g/orthanc-users/c/4EH7HpcEnSA/m/a4x6oiucAgAJ>`__ | |
| 335 has reported the following method to disable SCRAM: | |
| 336 | |
| 337 1. Drop/delete the ``orthanc`` database and user in PostgreSQL. | |
| 338 2. Edit the files ``postgresql.conf`` and ``pg_hba.conf`` and change | |
| 339 ``scram-sha-256`` to ``md5`` in all cases. | |
| 340 3. Add the ``orthanc`` user and database in PostgreSQL again. | |
| 341 4. Restart Orthanc. |